+20점 · f ( x ) = x ( x − a ) ( x − a 2 ) \displaystyle f(x)=x(x-a)(x-\frac a2) f ( x ) = x ( x − a ) ( x − 2 a ) 를 구하면 +10점 · f ′ ( x ) = 3 x 2 − 3 a x + a 2 2 \displaystyle f\prime(x)=3x^2-3ax+\frac{a^2}2 f ′ ( x ) = 3 x 2 − 3 a x + 2 a 2 를 구하면 +20점 · x = 3 − 3 6 a \displaystyle x=\frac{3-\sqrt3}6a x = 6 3 − 3 a 에서 극대임을 기술하면 +20점 · 극댓값 f ( 3 − 3 6 a ) = 3 36 a 3 \displaystyle f(\frac{3-\sqrt3}6a)=\frac{\sqrt3}{36}a^3 f ( 6 3 − 3 a ) = 36 3 a 3 을 구하면 (1-1) f ( x ) = x ( x − a ) ( x − b ) \displaystyle f(x)=x(x-a)(x-b) f ( x ) = x ( x − a ) ( x − b ) 라 하면 0 = ∫ 0 a f ( x ) d x = ∫ 0 a { x 3 − ( a + b ) x 2 + a b x } d x = a 4 4 − ( a + b ) a 3 3 + a b a 2 2 = a 3 12 ( − a + 2 b ) \displaystyle 0=\int_0^af(x)dx=\int_0^a\{x^3-(a+b)x^2+abx\}dx=\frac{a^4}4-\frac{(a+b)a^3}3+ab\frac{a^2}2=\frac{a^3}{12}(-a+2b) 0 = ∫ 0 a f ( x ) d x = ∫ 0 a { x 3 − ( a + b ) x 2 + ab x } d x = 4 a 4 − 3 ( a + b ) a 3 + ab 2 a 2 = 12 a 3 ( − a + 2 b ) 이므로 b = a 2 \displaystyle b=\frac a2 b = 2 a 이다. 따라서 f ( x ) = x ( x − a ) ( x − a 2 ) \displaystyle f(x)=x(x-a)(x-\frac a2) f ( x ) = x ( x − a ) ( x − 2 a ) 이고 f ′ ( x ) = 3 x 2 − 3 a x + a 2 2 \displaystyle f\prime(x)=3x^2-3ax+\frac{a^2}2 f ′ ( x ) = 3 x 2 − 3 a x + 2 a 2 이다. f ′ ( x ) = 0 \displaystyle f\prime(x)=0 f ′ ( x ) = 0 을 풀면 x = 3 ± 3 6 a \displaystyle x=\frac{3\pm\sqrt3}6a x = 6 3 ± 3 a 이다. 따라서 f ( x ) \displaystyle f(x) f ( x ) 의 증감을 조사하면 x = 3 − 3 6 a \displaystyle x=\frac{3-\sqrt3}6a x = 6 3 − 3 a 에서 극댓값 f ( 3 − 3 6 a ) = 3 36 a 3 \displaystyle f(\frac{3-\sqrt3}6a)=\frac{\sqrt3}{36}a^3 f ( 6 3 − 3 a ) = 36 3 a 3 을 가진다.
+40점 · y = x − t \displaystyle y=x-t y = x − t 로 치환하여 g ( x ) = x ∫ 0 x f ( y ) d y − ∫ 0 x y f ( y ) d y \displaystyle g(x)=x\int_0^xf(y)dy-\int_0^xyf(y)dy g ( x ) = x ∫ 0 x f ( y ) d y − ∫ 0 x y f ( y ) d y 를 구하면 +20점 · g ′ ( x ) = ∫ 0 x f ( y ) d y \displaystyle g\prime(x)=\int_0^xf(y)dy g ′ ( x ) = ∫ 0 x f ( y ) d y 를 구하면 +20점 · g ′ ′ ( − a ) = − 3 a 3 \displaystyle g\prime\prime(-a)=-3a^3 g ′′ ( − a ) = − 3 a 3 를 구하면 (1-2) y = x − t \displaystyle y=x-t y = x − t 로 치환하면 g ( x ) = ∫ 0 x t f ( x − t ) d t = ∫ x 0 ( x − y ) f ( y ) ( − d y ) = ∫ 0 x ( x − y ) f ( y ) d y = x ∫ 0 x f ( y ) d y − ∫ 0 x y f ( y ) d y \displaystyle g(x)=\int_0^xtf(x-t)dt=\int_x^0(x-y)f(y)(-dy)=\int_0^x(x-y)f(y)dy=x\int_0^xf(y)dy-\int_0^xyf(y)dy g ( x ) = ∫ 0 x t f ( x − t ) d t = ∫ x 0 ( x − y ) f ( y ) ( − d y ) = ∫ 0 x ( x − y ) f ( y ) d y = x ∫ 0 x f ( y ) d y − ∫ 0 x y f ( y ) d y 이다. 따라서 g ′ ( x ) = ∫ 0 x f ( y ) d y \displaystyle g\prime(x)=\int_0^xf(y)dy g ′ ( x ) = ∫ 0 x f ( y ) d y 이고 g ′ ′ ( x ) = f ( x ) \displaystyle g\prime\prime(x)=f(x) g ′′ ( x ) = f ( x ) 이다. 그러므로 g ′ ′ ( − a ) = − 3 a 3 \displaystyle g\prime\prime(-a)=-3a^3 g ′′ ( − a ) = − 3 a 3 이다.
+40점 · h ( a − x ) = a − h ( x ) \displaystyle h(a-x)=a-h(x) h ( a − x ) = a − h ( x ) 임을 보이면 +30점 · 산술평균과 기하평균의 관계에 의하여 e h ( x ) + e h ( a − x ) = e h ( x ) + e a − h ( x ) ≥ 2 e h ( x ) e a − h ( x ) = 2 e a ( = 2 e a / 2 ) \displaystyle e^{h(x)}+e^{h(a-x)}=e^{h(x)}+e^{a-h(x)}\ge2\sqrt{e^{h(x)}e^{a-h(x)}}=2\sqrt{e^a}\;(=2e^{a/2}) e h ( x ) + e h ( a − x ) = e h ( x ) + e a − h ( x ) ≥ 2 e h ( x ) e a − h ( x ) = 2 e a ( = 2 e a /2 ) 을 보이면 +10점 · 최솟값이 2 e a ( = 2 e a / 2 ) \displaystyle 2\sqrt{e^a}\;(=2e^{a/2}) 2 e a ( = 2 e a /2 ) 임을 기술하면 (1-3) f ( x ) = x ( x − a 2 ) ( x − a ) \displaystyle f(x)=x(x-\frac a2)(x-a) f ( x ) = x ( x − 2 a ) ( x − a ) 이므로 h ( x ) = x ( x − a 2 ) ( x − a ) + x \displaystyle h(x)=x(x-\frac a2)(x-a)+x h ( x ) = x ( x − 2 a ) ( x − a ) + x 이다. 또한 h ( a − x ) = ( a − x ) ( a − x − a 2 ) ( a − x − a ) + a − x = ( a − x ) ( a 2 − x ) ( − x ) + a − x = − x ( x − a 2 ) ( x − a ) − x + a = − h ( x ) + a \displaystyle \begin{aligned}h(a-x)&=(a-x)(a-x-\frac a2)(a-x-a)+a-x=(a-x)(\frac a2-x)(-x)+a-x\\&=-x(x-\frac a2)(x-a)-x+a=-h(x)+a\end{aligned} h ( a − x ) = ( a − x ) ( a − x − 2 a ) ( a − x − a ) + a − x = ( a − x ) ( 2 a − x ) ( − x ) + a − x = − x ( x − 2 a ) ( x − a ) − x + a = − h ( x ) + a 이다. 따라서 기하평균 산술평균 부등식에 의해 e h ( x ) + e h ( a − x ) = e h ( x ) + e a − h ( x ) ≥ 2 e h ( x ) e a − h ( x ) = 2 e a ( = 2 e a / 2 ) \displaystyle e^{h(x)}+e^{h(a-x)}=e^{h(x)}+e^{a-h(x)}\ge2\sqrt{e^{h(x)}e^{a-h(x)}}=2\sqrt{e^a}\;(=2e^{a/2}) e h ( x ) + e h ( a − x ) = e h ( x ) + e a − h ( x ) ≥ 2 e h ( x ) e a − h ( x ) = 2 e a ( = 2 e a /2 ) 이다. h ( a 2 ) = a 2 \displaystyle h(\frac a2)=\frac a2 h ( 2 a ) = 2 a 이므로 x = a 2 \displaystyle x=\frac a2 x = 2 a 일 때, 위 부등식의 등호가 성립한다. 따라서 p ( x ) = e h ( x ) + e h ( a − x ) \displaystyle p(x)=e^{h(x)}+e^{h(a-x)} p ( x ) = e h ( x ) + e h ( a − x ) 의 최솟값은 2 e a ( = 2 e a / 2 ) \displaystyle 2\sqrt{e^a}\;(=2e^{a/2}) 2 e a ( = 2 e a /2 ) 이다.